A new study has revealed that addressing eyesight problems could prevent up to one in five dementia cases among older adults. This groundbreaking discovery, highlighted in an article by The Guardian, adds to the growing evidence that treating or preventing visual impairments might help reduce the risks associated with the disease.
According to the World Health Organisation, 55 million people globally are living with dementia. Meanwhile, NHS data reveals that 487,432 dementia diagnoses were made in England alone as of June 2024, where England has one of the highest dementia diagnosis rates worldwide. Such conditions, although prevalent, are not inevitable parts of ageing. By addressing risk factors such as eyesight issues, researchers believe a significant number of dementia cases could be delayed or prevented.
A closer look at research findings
The study, conducted by researchers in the US, analysed visual function and cognitive data from 2,767 individuals aged 65 and older. These participants, who were living independently and had health insurance, provided critical insights into the connection between visual impairments and dementia.
Researchers examined the association between three specific types of vision problems and dementia: distance vision impairment, near vision impairment, and contrast sensitivity (the ability to distinguish between shades and colours). Their findings suggest that 5% of dementia cases could be linked to distance vision impairment, 10% to near vision impairment, and a striking 15% to problems with contrast sensitivity. Overall, the research estimates that up to 19% of dementia cases in older adults could be attributed to visual impairments. This figure was even higher among individuals aged 71 to 79, women, and non-Hispanic white people.
Notably, the researchers emphasised that more than 90% of these visual impairments are preventable or treatable. Professor Anthony Khawaja from University College London noted that these findings further underscore the importance of maintaining good eye health to reduce dementia risk.
How you can stay on top of your vision health
Undergo regular eye tests
Visiting your optometrist regularly for an eye test is a key step for detecting vision problems early. Beyond testing your visual acuity, many opticians now offer comprehensive eye tests that screen for telltale signs of eye disease. In particular, Vision Express provides advanced exams that include an OCT 3D scan. This non-invasive procedure captures over 1,000 images of your eyes, giving a detailed look into your eye health. This test is accompanied by other assessments like UV protection and dry eye evaluations, followed by personalised care and advice. These advanced eye tests are available in all Vision Express locations and can easily be booked online.
Protect your eyes from the sun
Too much exposure to UV rays can lead to sight-threatening conditions such as cataracts and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Yet, a public poll by the Association of Optometrists (AOP) indicates that 40% of UK adults are unaware of this risk. To safeguard your eyes, the AOP recommends wearing CE-marked sunglasses year-round. Opt for sunglasses from trusted brands like Ray-Ban or Oakley, which meet rigorous quality standards and provide 99% to 100% protection from harmful UVA, UVB, and UVC rays. Protecting your eyes from UV exposure is a simple yet effective way to maintain long-term eye health.
Prioritise physical activity
Regular exercise benefits not only your overall health but also your eye health. Research published in the Frontiers in Medicine journal shows moderate to vigorous exercise can delay the progression of common eye conditions like cataracts, glaucoma, and AMD. Additionally, leading an active lifestyle reduces your risk of developing dementia. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise per week, such as brisk walking, cycling, or swimming, to harness these benefits. These activities promote better circulation, protecting your eyes from age-related diseases.
By taking proactive steps today, you can reduce the likelihood of dementia in the future, underscoring the importance of protecting your sight at every stage of life.
